<p>The Zagaran Pass  is a high mountain pass that connects Yarkhun River valley in Chitral District to the Gupis valley  in Gilgit in Pakistan.</p><br>
<p>The pass is about 3 miles southwest from Bahushtar Zom peak (5704 m) and about 5 miles east-southeast from Malo Zom peak (5652 m). The border between Chitral and Northern Areas runs through the pass. The top of the pass is on the rapidly retreating glacier. 5 miles to the east of the pass is the valley of Bakhushtaro river that flows southeast for 12 miles up to its confluence with Ghizar river some 6 miles west of village Pinal. To the west of the pass is an unnamed westward directed valley that after 15 miles ends at Yarkhun river some 5 miles northeast of town Mastuj.</p><br>
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<p>The East Jefferson Avenue Residential District in Detroit, Michigan includes the Thematic Resource  in the multiple property submission to the National Register of Historic Places which was approved on October 9, 1985. The structures are single-family and multiple-unit residential buildings with construction dates spanning nearly a century, from 1835 to 1931. The area is located on the lower east side of the city.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The road that is now East Jefferson Avenue existed from the earliest days of Detroit. Then known as the "River Road," it paralleled the Detroit River east of Detroit, connecting the French ribbon farms to Ste. Anne Street in the heart of Detroit. After the disastrous fire of 1805, Judge Augustus Woodward platted out a new design for the city, widening Ste. Anne St. and renaming it (and the connecting River Road) "Jefferson Avenue" in honor of Thomas Jefferson.</p><br>
<p>Jefferson quickly became the commercial nexus of Detroit; by 1820 over half the businesses on the city were located on the avenue. Additionally, many prominent Detroit residents of the time lived along Jefferson, including Charles Christopher Trowbridge, William Hull, Solomon Sibley, John R. Williams, Antoine Dequindre, Joseph Campau, Oliver Newberry, and Oliver Miller. As Detroit grew and city services expanded, Jefferson was one of the first streets to obtain new installations, getting iron water pipes in 1838, a horse-drawn bus line in 1847, horse-drawn rail in 1863, electric arc lighting in 1883, and asphalt pavement in 1892.</p><br>
<p>After the Civil War, many newly prosperous Detroit citizens built prestigious homes along Jefferson in a variety of popular architectural styles, including Gothic Revival, Richardsonian Romanesque, Queen Anne, and Italianate.</p><br>
<p>Following World War II, East Jefferson became more commercial with the introduction of modern commercial structures. Yet, East Jefferson contains clusters of preserved historic structures.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Thematic Resource includes twenty-eight architecturally and historically significant structures, stretching along a scenic three-mile section of East Jefferson Avenue beginning just east of downtown Detroit. Each of the structures included are, in some way, representative of the "high style" architecture of the period. The structures listed have a high degree of architectural integrity, with building alteration primarily confined to interior remodeling or additions; in all buildings, the Jefferson Avenue façade remains substantially intact. Four of the historic structures along East Jefferson listed on the T.R. have been demolished after their addition to the Register.</p><br>
<p>The structures included are as follows:</p><br>
<p>In addition, the following nine residential structures were previously listed on the NRHP, either individually or as part of an historic district:</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<p>The structures in this Thematic Resource vary greatly in style, construction, and use, but all are related by the common theme of residential development and general upper-class nature. Each of the structures included are, in some way, representative of the "high style" architecture of the period. The structures are divided into four groups, according to their original use and construction date.</p><br>
<p>The first group includes the single-family residences built by prominent Detroit citizens before the Civil War. This group includes the Joseph Campau House (1835) and the Alexander Chene House (1855) listed in this T.R., as well as the Charles Trowbridge House (1826) and the Moross House (1855), both listed on the NRHP at an earlier date. These structures are distinguished by their relatively modest appearance, although at the time of their construction they were fashionable homes housing prominent Detroit citizens.</p><br>
<p>The second group includes the single-family residences built by wealthy Detroiters in the latter part of the 19th century and in the early 20th century. This group includes the John N. Bagley House (1889), the William H. Wells House (1889), the Franklin H. Walker House (1896), the Arthur M. Parker House (1901), and the Frederick K. Stearns House (1902), all listed in this T.R., as well as the Thomas A. Parker House (1868), the Croul-Palms House (1881), and homes in the Indian Village Historic District which were listed on the NRHP at an earlier date. These architect-designed structures are distinguished by their elaborate and expensive construction and exemplification of popular architectural styles.</p><br>
<p>The third group includes the large-scale luxury apartment buildings built in the early 20th century. These large, luxurious apartment buildings were the first multiple-unit structures to make inroads into the previously exclusive single-family residential East Jefferson neighborhood, with the Pasadena Apartments (1902) and The Palms (1903) being the earliest examples. The larger apartment buildings continued to be constructed along Jefferson, with the much larger Garden Court Apartments (1915), the Whittier Hotel (1922/1926), and the Alden Park Towers (1922) built over the next two decades, and The Kean (1931) built just as the Great Depression halted construction for years. These structures are distinguished by their relatively large size and (originally) sizable and luxurious apartments.</p><br>
<p>The fourth group includes the more modest (but still well-appointed) smaller scale apartment buildings constructed in the 1910s and 1920s to cater to more upper-middle-class tenants such as automobile company workers and professionals. This group includes the Manchester Apartments (1915), Jefferson Hall (1916), the Ponchartrain Apartments (1920), the Chateau Frontenac Apartments (1925), the Somerset Apartments (1922), and the Hibbard Apartment Building (1924). These structures are distinguished by their smaller scale and less well-appointed but still high quality rooms.</p><br>
<p>The Crompton Loom Works is an historic industrial complex of the Crompton Corporation at 132-142 Green Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. The factory manufactured looms for textile factories. With its original portion dating to 1860, the complex is one of the oldest surviving industrial sites in the city. The facility was established by George Crompton, whose father William had invented the first power loom for weaving fancy fabrics. The younger Crompton&#39;s business would become of the most significant employers in the city, and his innovative looms would revolutionize the textile industry. Crompton and his successors would operate the loom manufacturing works at Green Street until 1915.</p><br>
<p>The complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, and included as part of the Blackstone Canal Historic District in 1995.</p><br>
<p>The Crystal Street Historic District is a group of three triple deckers at 30-34 Crystal Street, facing University Park in the Main South area of Worcester, Massachusetts. The houses appear to have been built for developer James Harrop, who lived at 30 Crystal Street and owned them for 35 years. At the time of there construction c. 1892, Harrop is described in city directories as a wool sorter, but over the following years he eventually became a real estate developer. The houses were built at a time when the area was experiencing significant development due to the extensions of the electrified street cars to the area. Early residents of the buildings would have been skilled laborers and middle-class white collar workers.</p><br>
<p>The three buildings are all well-preserved examples of Queen Anne triple deckers, and are almost identical in their construction. They follow the standard side hall plan, and have a jog on one side. The main facade is three bays wide, but asymmetrical: the bay on one side has the entry covered by a simple gable-roofed porch, and the bay at the opposite end is rounded with a conical roof. The porch on 30 Crystal Street has retained turned porch columns, while those of 32 and 34 have been replaced with square posts.</p><br>
<p>All three buildings have similar exterior finishes. They are clad in clapboards, except for the rounded section, which is sheathed in decorative cut wood shingles. These shingles are also used in banding portions separating the second and third floors.</p><br>
<p>The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>The Dartmouth Street School is a historic school building at 13 Dartmouth Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1894 to a design by noted local architect George Clemence, it is a well-preserved architectural mix of Romanesque and other Late Victorian styles. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. In 2008 a proposal was floated to convert the building into housing; as of 2012, it stood vacant.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Dartmouth Street School is located in a residential area of southeastern Worcester, on a parcel bounded on the south by Dartmouth Street, the west by Almont Avenue, and the east by Ingleside Avenue. It is a two story masonry structure, with an eclectic mix of stylistic elements in brick and sandstone. Its corner tower is Queen Anne in conception, but it houses a round-arch entrance opening, and grouped round-arch windows in the Romanesque style, before rising to its pyramidal roof. Its older portion has a hip roof, which is pierced by eyebrow dormers, while the newer portion has a flat roof.</p><br>
<p>The building was designed by local architect George Clemence, and built in two parts. The older, main portion, was built in 1894, and is nearly identical to the Elizabeth Street School, also a Clemence work. It was expanded to its rear in 1908 with a two story addition that uses similar motifs to the main block, and was little altered thereafter. The neighborhood in which it was built experienced development of a large number of triple decker housing units, necessitating the expansion.</p><br>
<p>The Isaac Davis House is an historic house at 1 Oak Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. The distinctive Italianate brick and brownstone house was built in 1870 by Isaac Davis , a prominent local lawyer and banker. The three story house has a low hipped roof with a modillioned and dentilled cornice, and two similar main facades, facing Oak Street and Elm Street. These facades are divided into three bays, with the outer bays consisting of paired windows topped by brownstone architrave caps. The central bays are very slightly recessed, with single windows on the second and third floors. The entries are sheltered by elaborate Corinthian porticos, that on the Oak Street facade being slightly larger. The house was extensively renovated in 1888 to designs by architect Stephen Earle.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It is now home to the private Worcester Club.</p><br>
<p>Sarazm is an ancient town and also a jamoat in north-western Tajikistan. It dates back to the 4th millennium BCE and is today a UNESCO World Heritage site. It is located in Panjakent District in Sughd province.</p><br>
<p>The archaeological site of the ancient city of Sarazm is located near Durman, a town situated in the Zarafshan Valley of north-west Tajikistan in the Sughd province near the border with Uzbekistan.</p><br>
<h2>Site description</h2><br>
<p>The site indicates an early steppe presence in the Zarafshan Valley. Around 3000 BC, it was the largest exporting metallurgical center of Central Asia. It was after the arrival of the Andronovo settlers, around 2000 BC.</p><br>
<p>The city is believed to have been revived as a mining point to collect from nearby sources of turquoise. Established no later that 1500 BC, the city also served as an important regional agricultural and copper production center.</p><br>
<p>Wheat (free-threshing hexaploid) and barley (both naked and hulled) were discovered at the site, while evidence for broomcorn millet and pulses were not found. The naked barley found at Sarazm is similar in morphology to the barley found in sites in Pakistan such as Mehrgarh and Nausharo, and also similar to the barley found in the earliest sites in China where barley was first found.</p><br>
<p>The town was discovered in 1976 by a veteran of the Great Patriotic War named Ashurali Tailonov who found a copper dagger protruding from a nearby construction site. It was excavated by Abdullo Isakov and French archaeologists beginning in 1977.</p><br>
<h2>World Heritage Site status</h2><br>
<p>The proto-urban site of Sarazm was inscribed on the World Heritage List in July 2010 as "an archaeological site bearing testimony to the development of human settlements in Central Asia, from the 4th millennium BCE to the end of the 3rd millennium BCE". It is the first World Heritage Site in Tajikistan.</p><br>
<p>The Frank L. and Mabel H. Dean House is an historic house at 10 Cedar Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. The two-story Colonial Revival wood-frame house was built in 1901 for Frank L. Dean, a prominent lawyer and Republican politician. It is three bays wide and four deep, with a rear ell that is one bay wide and one bay deep. A two-bay, two-story pavilion projects from the east side of the main body of the house. The house is topped by a high hipped roof with embedded gable dormers; the edges of the roof are flared in a graceful curve. The eaves and raking sections of the roof are trimmed with modillion brackets, below which are a band of dentil molding and a narrow frieze. The interior of the house is elaborately trimmed in wood, and many of the downstairs rooms are decorated with wall murals.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>The Francis Dewey House is a historic house at 71 Elm Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1912, it is locally distinctive for its architecturally eclectic design by the Boston firm Little & Brown. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. Its owner, Francis Dewey, was a prominent lawyer and businessman.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Dewey House is located in a residential area west of downtown Worcester, at the northwest corner of Elm and West Streets. It is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, with its exterior clad in stucco. It is architecturally distinctive, with curving Flemish wall gables rising to urned tops at various points on each facade. The front, facing south, is basically symmetrical, with five sections, the central one projecting slightly. It and the outer sections are topped by the Flemish gables, and all four sections other than the center have two-story polygonal projections. The center section has the main entrance, sheltered by a porch of cast stone with Tuscan columns, entablature, and upper balustrade.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1912 to one of three designs submitted to Francis Dewey. They all had a similar footprint, suggesting the structure may incorporate elements of an older (c. 1860) house that had been standing on the property. The winning design was by Little & Brown; the losing designs were in Colonial Revival and English Revival (Tudor) styles.</p><br>
<p>Ufenau is an island located, with the neighbouring island of Lützelau, in Lake Zürich in Switzerland between Freienbach  and Rapperswil . Highlights on Ufenau include St. Peter & Paul church, St. Martins chapel, and Ufenaus idyllic landscape in the Frauenwinkel protected area.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Ufenau lies in Höfe district in the Canton of Schwyz. The island measures 112,645 m&sup2; in all, 470 m from east to west and 220 m from north to south. The highest point of the island is 423 m above sea level or 17 m above lake level on 406 m. Swimming, camping and other leisure activities are forbidden, as it is a protected area.</p><br>
<p>On occasion of the formation of the Alps, the fossilized sediments material of the body of water between the Ricken and Etzel chains unfolded. There arose the typical rock bands that form the Lindenhof hill in Rapperswil, or the islands of Ufnau, Lützelau and Heilighüsli. During the last Ice Age the island was under a thick layer of ice. Ufnau consists of two parallel rock ridges: the hard layers of conglomerate rock in the south and the northern sandstone ridge survived the sanding by the glacier.</p><br>
<h2>Transport</h2><br>
<p>The first steamship stopped at the northern shore in 1857. 15 years later a landing gate was built in the south, and in 1881 the present ship gate for touristic use was established in the north; the southern ship gate gave location to a small harbour that is used for private-owned motorboats and sailing yachts.</p><br>
<p>Tourist boat trips, run by the Zürichsee-Schifffahrtsgesellschaft (ZSG), sail between Zürich-Bürkliplatz and Rapperswil, but probably will not be provided from 29 August 2016 to May 2018.</p><br>
<p>Ufenau - Speer-Chüemettler-Federispitz - ZSG Panta Rhei 2016-06-22 15-57-13.JPGwesterly view of Ufenau island as seen from ZSG ship MS Helvetia</p><br>
<p>Ufenau 2011-07-25 17-25-54.jpgUfenau as seen from the southern privately used jetty</p><br>
<p>Frauenwinkel - Ufenau IMG 2525.JPGUfenau as seen from the Frauenwinkel protected area</p><br>
<p>Ufenau - Feldbach - Etzel 2015-05-28 12-50-48.JPGUfenau as seen from Feusisberg towards Etzel Kulm</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1st and 2nd century, the remains of a Roman temple are dated, broken during Alamannic occupation of the Swiss plateau. In 5th or 6th century, a first Christian church was built on this probably pre-Roman sacred area. Ufenau is first mentioned in 741 as «Hupinauia», and in 744 as «Ubinauvia» – island of Huppan or Huphan. Probably between 900 and 920, the early Christian church was destroyed by the Huns. On 23 January 965, the island was given by Emperor Otto I to Einsiedeln Abbey, that still is its owner. In 926 or some years later, St. Peter & Paul church&#39; preceding building was given by the Hunfridings noblewoman Reginlinda and Burchard II, Duke of Swabia, in addition with a house for herself and her son Adalrich. Reginlinda died in 958 and is buried in Einsiedeln. In 973 later Saint Adalrich (Canonization in 1659) died on Ufenau.</p><br>
<p>Historians mention a 10th-century ferry station assumably at the so-called Einsiedlerhaus in Rapperswil – in 981 AD as well as the vineyard on the Lindenhof hill – between Kempraten on lake shore, Lützelau and Ufenau island and assumably present Hurden, which allowed the pilgrims towards Einsiedeln to cross the lake before the prehistoric bridge at the Seedamm isthmus was re-built in 1358. In 1798 the Helvetic Republic secularized the Einsiedeln Abbey&#39;s property, and Ufenau was given to the non-durable Canton of Linth. In 1805 Ufenau was given by the merchant Family Curti from Rapperswil to the Einsiedeln Abbey.</p><br>
<p>5800 Vitis vinifera Blauburgunder (Pinot noir) were planted in 1986. The Einsiedeln Abbey owns 1 hectare of the Ufenau vineyards which are cultivated by its winery.</p><br>
<p>On 7 December 2003 the Ufenau association was founded, one year later «Freunde der Insel Ufnau». Friends of Ufenau island is a booster club to finance some projects for maintenance of the buildings located on the island, including both churches, and for the restaurants renewal. It supports a long-time idea called «Insel der Stille» (island of silence), inlcluding a path way for disabled people around the island (completed in 2007), and regeneration of the islands shore areas to prevent increased erosion.</p><br>
<h2>St. Peter & Paul church and St. Martin's chapel</h2><br>
<p>The present St. Peter & Paul church was built in 1141/42 (first mentioned in 970) and renewed in 1958/59. For hundred of years, it was the parish church for the people living in the surrounding villages of Lake Zürichs upper shores. In 1522 Hans Klarer «Schnegg», a close friend of Ulrich Zwingli, served as pastor on Ufenau. One year later, Klarer convinced Zwingli, to refuge Ulrich von Hutten on Ufenau, where he died in seclusion. In 1968, his remains were identified, and buried in 1970 under a tombstone besides St. Peter & Paul church. Huttens two years in exile on the island are immortalized by Conrad Ferdinand Meyer in «Huttens letzte Tage» (Hutten&#39;s last days).</p><br>
<p>St. Martins chapel, few meters away, is dated in the 7th century. It was renewed in 1933/34 and in 1964/65. St. Martins was built on the remains of a former Gallo-Roman temple dating back to the 2nd century. Until the early 14th century, both churches were also important cultural and intellectual centres for the communities dotted around Lake Zurich. A small wooden bridge to Hurden is mentioned until 1430, so-called «Kilchweg in die Uffnow» meaning pathway to the Ufenau church.</p><br>
<p>St. Peter und Paul (Ufenau) 2011-07-25 16-52-42 ShiftN.jpgSt. Peter and Paul church</p><br>
<p>St. Peter und Paul (Ufenau) - Innenansicht 2016-06-22 15-29-19.JPGinterior</p><br>
<p>Adalrich - St. Peter und Paul (Ufenau) 2016-06-22 15-28-34.JPGSaint Adalric, fresco in the church</p><br>
<p>St. Martinskapelle (Ufenau) 2011-07-25 17-07-20 ShiftN.jpgSt. Martin chapel</p><br>
<p>St. Martinskapelle (Ufenau) - Innenansicht 2011-07-25 16-55-52.JPGSaint Adalric&#39;s shrine</p><br>
<p>Adalrich&#39;s Mutter, Herzogin Regelinda von Schwaben, St. Peter und Paul (Ufenau) - Regelinda 2016-06-22 15-28-13.JPGNoblewoman Regelinda of Swabia and the churches on the Ufenau island, St. Peter and Paul church</p><br>
<p>Saint Adalrics Relic, sealed in a shrine, were lost during 2nd Villmergen war in 1712: Zurich soldiers destroyed the altars and parts of both churches and have stolen St. Peter & Pauls two church bells. In 1736 St. Peter & Paul was rebuilt and the bells were replaced; St. Martin&#39;s chapel was renewed in 1790.</p><br>
<h2>Restaurant and 2016–2018 renovation</h2><br>
<p>The island has a restaurant called "Zu den zwei Raben" (literally: House of the two ravens) that was built in 1681 and renewed in 1870. The inn sign refers to the coats of arms of the Einsiedeln Abbey which is still the owner of the island. In their chapter meeting on 16 January 2016, the convent of Einsiedeln decided to restore the restaurant buildings. On 14 August 2015 the planning application was issued, and on 8 October 2015 it was approved by the municipality of Freienbach. The project involves the comprehensive restoration of the restaurant complex: the infrastructure (refrigerators and kitchen) will be moved in the wooden building annex that was built in 1939, partly in the barn, and the toilet facilities will also relocated. After the renewal, the baroque building actually will be an inn with about 80 seats. The garden with its shady trees, centerpiece of the building complex which enjoys great popularity, will remain in its present form. Another central issue is the replacement of outdated pipes for electricity and internet, water and sanitation. The renovations amount to 7 million Swiss Francs (CHF), and currently arece financed by funds collected by the Freunde der Insel Ufenau association, by contributions from the municipality of Freienbach, the Höfe district and the Canton Schwyz of about CHF 4 million. For the missing funds, the Einsiedeln Abbey agreed the acquisition of a substantial share of the construction costs. Furthermore, the Ufenau association is looking for sponsors and will carry out financing activities.</p><br>
<p>The construction works started in August 2016; during the entire construction period – from 29 August 2016 until the beginning of May 2018 – the island is not open to visitors, and the church and the chapel are closed.</p><br>
<h2>Cultural heritage</h2><br>
<p>Ufnau – correctly spelled «Ufnau», but «Ufenau» is commonly used – and the Frauenwinkel area were placed under conservation in 1927. Since 1993 Ufenau is a «Moorlandschaft von besonderer Schönheit und nationaler Bedeutung», i.e. a bog environment of extraordinary beauty and national importance. Ufenau and its two churches are listed in the Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance a Class A objects of national importance.</p><br>
<h2>Literature</h2><br>
<p>Gerold Späth: Poem Hebed Sorg. In: Ufnau – Insel der Stille, Rapperswil 2005.</p><br>
<p>Lake Danao is a guitar-shaped lake on the island of Leyte in the Philippines.</p><br>
<p>The lake is covering an area of 148 hectare. It is situated in the 2,193 hectare Lake Danao Natural Park, which also includes the Amandiwin mountain range. The lake is 18 km northeast of Ormoc City, half an hour drive along the San Pablo - Tongonan and Milagro - Lake Danao roads.</p><br>
<p>It was originally named Lake Imelda and was declared a national park on June 2, 1972 by virtue of presidential memorandum issued by then President Ferdinand Marcos. Later it was renamed and declared as Lake Danao National Park on February 3, 1998 through Proclamation No. 1155 and is now protected by Republic Act No. 7586 otherwise known as the National Integrated Protected Area System (NIPAS) Act of 1992. The lake supplies potable water to at least seven towns in Eastern Leyte including Tacloban City as well as the source of irrigation for ricelands in some municipalities like Dagami, Burauen, Pastrana and Tabon-tabon.</p><br>
<p>At 650 m above sea level, Lake Danao lies on an altitude similar to Tagaytay, making the area cooler than the average Philippine temperature.</p><br>
<h2>Origin</h2><br>
<p>The lake is volcanic in origin and is probably a graben or depression produced by the Philippine Fault (or Leyte Central Fault), an active fault traversing the lake area in a N-S direction. Rock formations of the surrounding mountains include andesitic volcanic rocks of Quaternary origin in the western side, andesitic and dacitic volcanics of Miocene origin in the southeastern portion, and intermediate volcanic sediments of Quaternary origin in the northeastern side of the lake. There are wetlands found near the lake. The present lake could be the deepest portion of a much larger lake in the past. It was probably much larger in the geologic past and could have included the large wetlands and marshes. Sedimentation has probably transformed this portion of the lake into what it is today.</p><br>
<h2>Threats</h2><br>
<p>Various sectors of the local community had been studying the lake and its ecosystem. The major threat of avifaunal species in Lake Danao Natural Park is hunting. Key informants revealed that hunters are not only the local residents but many of them also come from other places. Birds that are mostly hunted are hornbills, doves, and pigeons. Slash-and-burn of forest for agricultural cultivation and illegal logging also has contributed to the degradation of some parts of the protected area. Establishment of human settlements within the park is also a serious threat. There have been recorded illegal settlements within the vicinity of the lake that could greatly affect its ecosystem.</p><br>
<p>Lake Balinsasayao is one of three crater lakes rising 1,000 ft above sea level located within the Balinsasayao Twin Lakes Natural Park, an 8,016.05 hectare protected area covering the municipalities of Valencia, Sibulan, and San Jose in the province of Negros Oriental, Philippines.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Lake Balinsasayao, Lake Danao, and Lake Kabalin-an are part of Balinsasayao Twin Lakes Natural Park, a protected area totaling 8,016 hectare created on 21 November 2000 by virtue of Proclamation No. 414 signed by former President Joseph Estrada. It lies within the municipalities of Valencia, Sibulan, and San Jose in the province of Negros Oriental.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The lakes are situated northwest of a narrow mountain ridge, in a caldera formed by four mountains: Mount Mahungot to the south, Mount Kalbasan to the north, Mount Balinsasayao to the east and Guintabon Dome to the west. A normal fault separates Lakes Balinsasayao and Danao while and another fault, the Amlan, is about 1,400 m west of Danao. Four geologic faults also intersect the southern edge of Lake Danao, whose water level is lower than that of Balinsasayao.</p><br>
<h2>Flora and fauna</h2><br>
<p>As a protected natural park home to an expansive ecosystem and biodiversity, Balinsasayao Twin Lakes National Park is one of the major tourist attractions in Negros Oriental.</p><br>
<h2>Tourism</h2><br>
<p>The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) through the Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB) manages tourist activities in the natural park. The bureau allows swimming, sightseeing, mountain trekking, camping, birdwatching, paddle boating in Lake Balinsasayao. The natural park has a concrete view deck, umbrella cottages, a restaurant, a souvenir shop, restrooms, and a visitor center.</p><br>
<h2>Conservation</h2><br>
<p>Conserving the natural parks flora and fauna is a continuing struggle as surrounding forests are exploited for timber and charcoal production. The uncontrolled cutting of timber by slash-and-burn farmers or kaingineros is reducing the inflow of water to the lakes and causing a fall in water levels. Also, since the lakes are situated near Energy Development Corporation (EDC)s Southern Negros Geothermal Field in Valencia, the forest surrounding the lakes are under threat from constant geothermal drilling. A co-management plan for geothermal preservation has been drafted by the DENR-PENRO, EDC, and the local governments of Valencia and Sibulan.</p><br>
<p>The Saint Louis University Museum of Art is the formal art museum for Saint Louis University. It is located at 3663 Lindell Boulevard in St. Louis, Missouri and is also known as O&#39;Donnell Hall.</p><br>
<h2>The building</h2><br>
<p>Constructed in 1899, the four story Beaux Arts building originally served as the home of the St. Louis Club. The principal architect of the building is Arthur Dillon of the New York firm Friedlander who included a bowling alley and swimming pool in the basement.</p><br>
<p>After a fire in 1925, the F. W. Woolworth Company bought the building and converted it into offices which served as the regional headquarters for the company. Saint Louis University purchased the building from Woolworth and used it for classrooms until they converted it to a museum in 1998. It is a designated historic landmark.</p><br>
<p>Lake Pinatubo  is the summit crater lake of Mount Pinatubo formed after its climactic eruption on June 15, 1991. The lake is located near the boundaries of Pampanga, Tarlac and Zambales provinces in the Philippines and is the deepest lake in the country at 600 m. It is about 90 km northwest of the capital city of Manila.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>Mount Pinatubo&#39;s volcanic activity has followed a cycle: centuries of repose terminated by a caldera-forming eruption with large pyroclastic flows; a post-eruption aftermath of rain-triggered lahars in surrounding drainages and dome-building that fills the caldera; and then another long quiescent period. During and after the eruptions, lahars descending along volcano channels may block tributaries from watersheds beyond Pinatubo, creating natural lakes.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research</p><br>
<p>Volume 176, Issue 3, 1 October 2008, Pages 432-437</p><br>
<p>Volcanoes and Human History (retrieved: 26 March 2009) Geophysical evidence shows that there were at least two ancient lakes in the Mapanuepe River valley in the southwestern part of the volcano.</p><br>
<h2>Origin</h2><br>
<p>The climactic 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo destroyed the volcanos original summit. In its place is a 2.5 km diameter caldera, the center of which is offset 1 km northward from the pre-eruption summit. It was created from the collapse of the volcanos summit on June 15, during the period of abundant large earthquakes in response to withdrawal of a large volume of magma from the reservoir beneath the volcano. By early September 1991, a shallow lake formed. The high precipitation rate of the area led to a rapid transition from a small and hot acid lake to a large lake with near-ambient temperature and pH.</p><br>
<h2>Legend</h2><br>
<p>The mountain range wherein the volcano is located is inhabited by the indigenous Aetas. An old Aeta legend tells of a lake that once existed in the site, most probably the latter of the two ancient crater lakes, and of a great explosion that destroyed it.</p><br>
<h2>Lake drainage</h2><br>
<p>Risk of flash floods in the communities found in the vicinity of the recently dormant volcano is imminent because of a danger of the caldera collapsing due to water pressure and a long-term increase in the water level of ~1 m/month. Experts had feared the weight of the water could have breached the crater walls and flooded the homes of up to 40,000 people in and around the small coastal town of Botolan, located 25 miles from the volcano.</p><br>
<p>In September 2001, residents of Botolan and nearby areas were sent to evacuation centers as a precaution from a possible deluge of mud and water. The Philippine government ordered a controlled draining of the lake and had authorities dig a 5m-wide channel from the edge of the volcanos crater, draining about a quarter of the lakes volume and diverting the excess lakewater into local rivers. Existing lahar canyons serve as water drainage paths to surrounding rivers and creeks, the largest of which is the Bucao River. In 2002, accumulated rainwater in the lake rose to dangerous levels during the rainy monsoon season, breached the artificial drainage canal, and triggered mild lahar flows in the area.</p><br>
<h2>Tourism</h2><br>
<p>The lake is described as "a wide jewel of blue and green" C. Tejero, PINATUBO 10 YEARS AFTER: Beyond the valley of lahar, Philippine Daily Inquirer, 2001-04-29 (retrieved: 10 March 2009)</p><br>
<p>and is now a popular bush walking destination, mostly frequented by mountaineers and adventure-seekers. Until improvements were made, a trip to the summit involved either days of hiking or hours of 4-wheel vehicle travel followed by a 2-hour hard hike. Eventually, a trail called the Skyway was made that allows 4 wheel drive vehicles a shorter route to a drop off point to trek to the crater. The skyway shortened the route to a 1.4-hour ride and a 45-minute to an hour&#39;s trek.</p><br>
<p>Casmenae or Kasmenai  was an ancient Greek colony located on the Hyblaean Mountains, founded in 644 BC by the Syracusans at a strategic position for the control of central Sicily. It was also intended as a military forward-position on the Via Selinuntina road that connected Syracuse to Akragas  - also on that road were Gela and Akrillai to Casmene&#39;s west and Akrai to its east. Destroyed by the Romans in 212 BC, Casmene was abandoned during the 3rd century BC and never inhabited again.</p><br>
<p>The site was discovered by the Sicilian archeologist Paolo Orsi during the first half of the 20th century, after he had identified the most probably site at Monte Casale in Buscemi at 830m above sea level, on an extinct volcano near Monte Lauro, 7 km from Giarratana and 12 km from Palazzolo Acreide. Remains of the defensive walls, long 3.400m, are still visible with the base of one of the temples and some dwellings.</p><br>
<h2>Historical origins</h2><br>
<p>It was founded in 643 BC from Syracuse, 90 years after Syracuse&#39;s own foundation in 734 or 733 BC. There are several references to it in the historical sources, though few links to the main figures of the time and with several false accounts added. The most reliable source for it is Thucydides and his History of the Peloponnesian War. He writes:</p><br>
<p>The most reliably-attested events related to the city are as follows; perhaps in 553 BC, it fought alongside Syracuse against Camarina and the Siculi; there were also some Syracusan exiles, then brought back to Syracuse by Gelo in 485 BC; Dion landed at Heraclea Minoa and chose troops to lead against Syracuse. The city was abandoned around the end of the 4th century BC, with gradual Syracusan decadence, hence the relatively undisturbed nature of the site. To the south of ancient Casmene, on the site now known as "Terravecchia", is the former site of Giarratana (Jarratana), abandoned by its inhabitants in 1693.</p><br>
<h2>Archaeological remains</h2><br>
<p>The city walls, important for their military and strategic function and 3.4 km long, are interspersed with rectangular towers and contain a unique city plan. This is solely made up of 38 parallel streets, all in a north-south direction. All the evidence suggests that Kasmenai (in the plural) was the name for a grouping of quarters. Arrows, daggers and spears have been found in the area, and basalt blocks still emerge from the earth - these blocks formed mills in the ancient city. Among the excavated remains are four houses and a temple that already existed before the settlers&#39; arrival - the latter has polychromatic ceramic decoration and, judging by the several weapons found in it, associated with a warrior god.</p><br>
<p>Sayhuite  is an archaeological site 47 km east of the city Abancay, about 3 hours away from the city of Cusco, in the province Abancay in the region Apurímac in Peru. The site is regarded as a center of religious worship for Inca people, focusing on water. In the Monuments of the Inca by John Hemming, Hemming points to a colonial narrative that describes the interior of the Sayhuite temple. The temple featured larger columns draped in fabrics with gold bands the "thickness of one&#39;s hand." The temple was also under the care of the priestess Asarpay, who jumped to her death in the nearby 400 meter gorge to avoid capture by Spanish forces.</p><br>
<h2>Monolith</h2><br>
<p>An important feature on the site is the Sayhuite monolith, an enormous rock containing more than 200 geometric and zoomorphic figures, including reptiles, frogs, and felines. Found at the top of a hill named Concacha, the stone was sculpted as a topographical hydraulic model, complete with terraces, ponds, rivers, tunnels, and irrigation channels. The functions or purposes of the stone are not known, but researcher Dr. Arlan Andrews, Sr. believes the monolith was used as a scale model to design, develop, test, and document the water flow for public water projects, and to teach ancient engineers and technicians the concepts and practices required. The rock was "edited" several times, with new material, either altering the paths of the water or adding routes altogether. About two meters long, and four meters wide, the monolith is the most popular attraction on the archaeological site.</p><br>
<h3>Significance of the Monolith</h3><br>
<p>While the creators remain a mystery, the monolith provides archaeologists with insight into the culture of the pre-Columbian population. Archaeologists have determined that the site was an Incan religious center, where rituals and ceremonies for the worship of water was conducted. The monolith is an important clue to this, since it depicts a water-like flow between the carvings. Modern-day engineers also speculate that the monolith is a depiction of the irrigation systems present within the Incan culture. While the precise meaning of this stone remains unsolved, the monolith is part of the material culture of the Incan people, and as such helps archaeologists piece together how and why they lived this way. Understanding the Incan culture from an archaeological perspective helps archaeologists apply this knowledge to similar civilizations and find links between ancient cultures.</p><br>
<h3>Tourism</h3><br>
<p>Because of its size and intricate carvings, the monolith is a popular site for tourists. A possible explanation of the intricate carvings is that the stone depicts a religious ritual, possibly associated with water, that the ancient Incas performed. Encouraging tourists to examine this monolith is important, since it raises the awareness about the archaeological record and the importance preservating material culture.</p><br>
<h3>Importance of Preservation</h3><br>
<p>Preserving the site of Sayhuite and the monolith is crucial, because archaeology is a destructive process. In addition, looting is a common problem at archaeological sites and can hinder the analysis performed by archaeologists of past peoples and culture. Preserving the archaeological site of Sayhuite includes leaving parts of the site unexcavated and protecting the monolith from vandalism and erosion. To protect the archaeological site from vandalism and looting, education of the general public is crucial. This creates ways for the public to get involved in a significant part of history and raises awareness for the importance of preservation in the field of archaeology. Preserving the site allows for a chance for new technological advances, which would aid in archaeologists’ study of the site and could possibly help them understand the meaning of the monolith to a greater extent and with more accuracy.</p><br>
<p>Brazeau Reservoir is a large man made reservoir in Alberta, Canada.</p><br>
<p>It is located in Brazeau County of central Alberta, 55 km south-west of Drayton Valley.</p><br>
<p>It was developed along the Brazeau River, at the confluence with Elk River, in the hydrographic basin of the North Saskatchewan River.</p><br>
<h2>Energy production</h2><br>
<p>The dam and hydroelectric plant are managed by TransAlta. The plant produces 394,000 MW·h per year, with a capacity of 355 megawatts. Brazeau Reservoir is the largest hydroelectric plant owned by TransAlta.</p><br>
<p>An unusual feature of this hydroelectric development commissioned in 1965 is a pump system capable of lifting water from the reservoir into the 20 km long canal leading to the power plant so that it can operate at low reservoir water levels.</p><br>
<h2>Recreation</h2><br>
<p>The Brazeau Reservoir Provincial Recreation Area is established near the lake, upstream from the dam and another three campgrounds dot its shores</p><br>
<p>The Wilmington Rail Viaduct is a series of fills and bridges, about 4 mi long, that carry the Northeast Corridor through the city of Wilmington, Delaware above street level. Constructed between 1902 and 1908, the structure consists principally of fills supported by heavy stone retaining walls, punctuated with plate girder bridges over streets, and augmented by a few sections of brick arch viaduct. Its construction is typical of the Pennsylvania Railroad&#39;s architectural practices at the time, and the viaduct has been documented by the Historic American Engineering Record and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built by the Pennsylvania Railroad  as part of a series of grade crossing eliminations along the Northeast Corridor, the elevation of the rail line necessitated several other changes to rail infrastructure in Wilmington, including the construction of the Wilmington Shops at the east end of the viaduct, and the construction of the Wilmington Station and adjacent Pennsylvania Railroad Office Building along the elevated right-of-way.</p><br>
<h2>Physical description</h2><br>
<p>The viaduct extends from Vandever Avenue, on its east end (a location on the railroad known as LANDLITH interlocking), across the Brandywine Creek and then roughly parallel to the Christina River through Wilmington Station. The west end of the viaduct is adjacent to the Alban Park neighborhood of Wilmington, an area also known as West Yard.</p><br>
<p>The bulk of the viaduct, from Vandever Avenue to Lower Linden Street, consists of earthen fill (derived from the construction excavation for the viaduct) held between heavy ashlar sandstone retaining walls resting on concrete foundations. Some of the northern sections of the viaduct have fill enclosed in timber cribbing on one side of the right-of-way, but generally the fill is contained with retaining walls on both sides. The ashlar also forms the abutments for the overpasses carrying the railroad tracks across city streets, which are steel plate through girder or deck girder bridges. The fill carries three tracks for much of its length; sidings, some now abandoned, descend to street level by ramps at various points. It was topped with 4 ft of ballast before tracks were laid.</p><br>
<p>The west end of the viaduct, below Lower Linden Street, was constructed as an arched viaduct when the underlying soil was found to be too soft to support the fill carrying the remainder of the line. Originally designed in stone, shortages of sandstone led to the construction of the 41 ft arches in brick, instead. Twelve arches carry the line from Lower Linden Street to the (stone) Beech Street underpass, and twenty arches continue southwest from Beech Street to the former Baltimore and Ohio and Wilmington and Northern underpass. The remainder of the structure to its West Yard end is again of retaining wall and fill construction.</p><br>
<p>The bridge over the Brandywine Creek near the east end of the viaduct had to be replaced to accommodate the newly elevated track level. At the time, this part of the Brandywine was considered navigable water, though rarely used, and the railroad had to construct a moveable bridge to accommodate navigation. The railroad chose to use a swing bridge, and began construction of the center pivot pier in the winter of 1903. The first caisson sunk there was damaged by ice and swept away in a flood. A new caisson was built resumed after the winter passed and a stone-faced concrete pier, 35 ft in diameter, successfully constructed. A second pier was built in the stream to the southwest, leaving two 59 ft channels between the pivot pier and the bank and the pivot and second piers. Icebreakers were built on either side of the pivot pier. (The tidal nature of the Brandywine required both sides of the bridge to be protected from ice.)</p><br>
<p>The superstructure of the bridge was manufactured by the Phoenix Bridge Company. It consists of a 78 ft plate girder from the southwest bank to a fixed pier, and a 158 ft fishbelly girder from that pier to the northeast bank, turning on the pivot pier. It carries three tracks. Two buildings were erected on the bridge, one for a watchman and the signal levers that protected and operated the bridge, and one to house the gasoline engine that turned it.</p><br>
<p>The structure has undergone relatively little modification since its construction. A 1920s electrification program to Wilmington added support structures to string catenary wires along the length of the viaduct. During the early 20th century, the swing bridge over the Brandywine was fixed in place and the engine and control buildings removed. In 1955, the construction of the Walnut Street Bridge required an undergrade bridge to be built to carry a new, wider alignment of Walnut Street slightly to the east of its original course. The new bridge is of plate girder construction over concrete abutments and piers. In 1983, Amtrak replaced the superstructure of the Poplar Street bridge and refurbished the piers and abutments.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The rail line through Wilmington, originally constructed by the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad in 1837, came under the control of the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) when it bought a controlling interest in the PW&B in 1881. As the PRR digested its Gilded Age acquisitions, freight traffic on its lines boomed, increasing by 64% between 1897 and 1902 in the recovery following the Panic of 1893. Longer, heavier, and more frequent trains pushed the railroad&#39;s existing infrastructure to its limits; however, they also brought an enormous increase in earnings. During the beginning of the 20th century, the PRR invested a portion of these profits in improving its rights-of-way and expanding capacity throughout its system.</p><br>
<p>An important component of these improvements was grade crossing elimination. In many of the cities served by PRR lines, the railroad tracks ran at ground level, crossing the streets at grade. As train speeds increased and traffic swelled, preventing grade crossing accidents became increasingly difficult. In Wilmington, the PRR had already built the Shellpot Branch in 1888 to divert through freight traffic through the sparsely developed marshes to the south of the city. However, many industries along the Christina waterfront still required local freight service, and congestion in the city streets remained a serious problem.</p><br>
<p>In February 1901, the PRRs Annual Report announced the railroads intention to make extensive improvements to its line between Philadelphia and Washington, DC. In the Wilmington, the planned improvements included the double-tracking of the Shellpot Branch, the elevation of the main line through the city, and the construction of a new station along the elevated main line. The railroads shops were also to be moved from 3rd and Church Streets to Todds Cut, to the east of the city near Edgemoor. This would allow ample room to expand the shops, and would make room for a realignment of the main line to reduce curvature and increase train speeds.</p><br>
<p>The original plan for the viaduct called for a double-track structure, enclosed between two stone walls 12 and high, which would largely follow the previous alignment of the main line. The choice of stonework reflected prevailing practice on the PRR and its rival, the New York Central. The choice of stone, in preference to steel bridges, reflected engineering conservatism on the part of the railroads, and also associated the railroad structures with a sense of permanency and a monumental aesthetic. The PRRs Chief Engineer, William H. Brown, was particularly known for his advocacy of stone construction, and it was under his direction that the railroads engineering department drew up the plans for the viaduct.</p><br>
<p>City streets were to be crossed by iron bridges, minimizing roadwork. The railroad originally planned to build iron bridgework to connect old and new segments of the main line during construction to minimize service disruptions. However, it was not required, because service was able to continue on the old main line without interruption. Plans also had to be altered in the West Yard area, where marshy ground dictated the construction of an arched viaduct rather than a fill. Construction commenced in the spring of 1902, starting in the area around Wilmington station and working outwards. Simultaneously, construction began from LANDLITH toward the Brandywine. The original completion date of mid-1905 was not met, The new swing bridge over the Brandywine was opened on March 1, 1906, however, the side of the new Wilmington station serving those tracks did not go into service until July 7, 1908.</p><br>
<p>As early as 1918, the PRR had begun electrifying some of its lines radiating from Philadelphia to replace steam trains with double-ended multiple unit cars to ease congestion at its terminal. Extension of the electrification program to Wilmington was announced on March 25, 1926, and electrified local service opened on September 30, 1928.</p><br>
<p>The PRR continued to operate service over the viaduct until its 1968 merger with the New York Central Railroad to form the Penn Central Transportation Company. After the bankruptcy of Penn Central in 1976, the viaduct, with the rest of the Northeast Corridor, was transferred to Amtrak, which currently maintains and operates it.</p><br>
<p>Construction of the viaduct had a significant effect on the development of Wilmington. In addition to emphasizing the stability and importance of the PRR, the elevated fill both visually and spatially separated the Christina River waterfront from the rest of the city north of Front Street. It served to both maintain and screen the heavy industries that grew up along the waterfront during the 20th century. With the passing of these industries and the redevelopment of the Wilmington waterfront, the viaduct now forms one boundary of the city&#39;s riverfront district.</p><br>
<p>Risnjak is a mountain in the Risnjak National Park, in Gorski Kotar, Croatia. It belongs to the Dinaric Alps mountain range. The name of the massif probably comes from ris, the Croatian word for lynx. Another interpretation suggests that it comes from the local word risje, which is a name for a type of grass.</p><br>
<p>The vegetation is very diverse. Thirty different plant communities have been recorded, of which the most common are beech and fir forests (Fagetum illyricum abietotosum) which go up to 1240 m and then are replaced by sub-alpine beeches (Fagetum croaticum subalpinum). The highest vegetation is a belt of mountain pine (Pinetum mughi croaticum). The fauna is also diverse, but has been less well researched. There are particularly many species of birds and mammals, including several types of chamois, while since 1974 the area has once again been inhabited by the ris (lynx).</p><br>
<p>The highest peak of Risnjak mountain is "Risnjak" or Veliki Risnjak at 1528 m.a.s.l. (the latter name means "Big Risnjak"), and it is also the highest peak in the Risnjak National Park, and the second in Gorski kotar next to Bjelolasica. On its southern slope is located the mountain lodge called Šloserov dom, built by Josip Schlosser. The peak can be reached only on foot, from Crni Lug (3 h) or from an unpaved road beginning in Gornje Jelenje (1 h).</p><br>
<p>The highest peaks of Risnjak mountain are: Veliki Risnjak (1528 m), Snježnik (1506 m), Sjeverni Mali Risnjak (1434 m) and Južni Mali Risnjak (1448 m).</p><br>
<p>Lake Bulusan is a lake on Luzon Island in the Philippines. It lies at the heart of Bulusan Volcano National Park which covers a land area of 3,672 hectare. It has an elevation of 360 m and is located on the southeast flank of Mount Bulusan, an active volcano.</p><br>
<p>The lake is accessible either through the Maharlika Highway up to the town of Irosin passing through the towns of Casiguran and Juban. From Irosin it is another ten kilometers to the site. The other is passing through a very scenic route overlooking the Pacific Ocean (San Bernardino Strait) through the towns of Gubat, Barcelona and the center of Bulusan town.</p><br>
<h2>Physical characteristics</h2><br>
<p>Bulusan Lake is formed by tectonic damming and perhaps another crater of a volcano. Its water is greenish and its waterbed is rocky and sandy and parts are muddy.</p><br>
<h2>Fauna</h2><br>
<p>It is home to some endemic species of freshwater fish. It also supports some birds, mammals and some beehives. It is completely surrounded by tropical rainforest.</p><br>
<p>Alcedo Volcano is one of the six coalescing shield volcanoes that make up Isabela Island in the Galapagos. The remote location of the volcano has meant that even the most recent eruption in 1993 was not recorded until two years later. It is also the only volcano in the Galapagos to have erupted rhyolite and basaltic lava.</p><br>
<p>The volcano has the largest number of wild tortoises of any of the volcanoes in the Galapagos, though their genetic diversity is amongst the lowest of any of the breeds in the archipelago. The habitat of the tortoises was threatened when feral goats crossed from southern Isabela Island in the 1970s and then reproduced rapidly.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>It is believed that Alcedo volcano emerged from the sea approximately 313,000 years ago, based on its sub -aerial volume of 234 km and average eruption rate of 1x10 m per year. This has produced a volcano that is 1130m high with a caldera that measures 6.1 x 7.4 km. Alcedo volcano is similar to its neighbours to the north, Darwin and to the south, Sierra Negra which also have shallow slopes for the majority of their height. It is also similar to these two in that the depth of the caldera is less than 25% of the height of the volcano. This contrasts with the other major shield volcanoes, Cerro Azul, Wolf on Isabela and Fernandina that have much steeper slopes and have calderas that have a depth which is 40-60% of the sub-aerial height.</p><br>
<p>Alcedo, like the other volcanoes in the Galapagos, has been formed as part of the Galapagos hotspot which is a mantle plume resulting in a hotspot. The volcano is not directly on the hotspot, which is believed to be under the neighbouring island of Fernandina to the west. However, it is still active with the last eruption in 1993. Due to the remoteness of Alcedo historical eruptions are not well recorded. There was an eruption between 1946 and 1960, as determined from variation in photographs. Another eruption in 1954 is now believed to have taken place on neighbouring Sierra Negra. Even the 1993 eruption was not observed at the time and only recorded after an expedition discovered new craters in 1995</p><br>
<p>It is the only volcano in the Galapagos to have erupted Rhyolite lavas. Approximately 1 km of Rhyolite was erupted in total, a small amount compared to its sub-aerial volume. The eruption of this began about 120,000 years ago in a series of eruptions, the largest of these has resulted in a tephra covering on the eastern slopes. Following the rhyolite eruption there has been a return to basaltic lava eruptions. It is theorised that the change in volcanic output is due to the movement of Alcedo away from the hotspot, which has resulted in the changing chemical makeup of the magma being supplied to the magma chamber.</p><br>
<p>There is a hydrothermal system within Alcedo, the temperature of the water released is less than 97 degrees Celsius, though chemical analysis has shown that the reservoir temperature is over 260 degrees Celsius. The analysis has also shown that the residence time, the time that water remains in the hydrothermal system, is approximately 400 years and that the source of the water is from rainfall.</p><br>
<h2>Wildlife</h2><br>
<p>In a 2003 study of the subspecies of Galapagos tortoise on Alcedo, Geochelone nigra vandenburghi the genetic diversity was shown to be much lower than would be expected in a population of its size, currently estimated to be approximately 4000. The Alcedo tortoise has the largest wild populations in the Galapagos Islands, however, the genetic diversity was 3-5 times less than that of other sub species of Galapagos tortoise. This low diversity is believed to be caused by a massive reduction in the population approximately 100,000 years ago. The reduction in population to only a few individuals is believed to have been caused by a large eruption of Alcedo volcano. The Alcedo tortoise has managed to rebuild its population since that time. Since the islands discovery by man it has come under new pressure, as have other Galapagos tortoises. They were hunted by early sailors to the islands as tortoises provided a food source on subsequent voyages. The introduction of non-native species also affected the habitat of the tortoise and other fauna and flora on Alcedo.</p><br>
<p>For many years it was believed that feral goats would not be able to cross the Perry Isthmus, a 12 km wide lava field, from southern Isabela to northern Isabela Island. However, goats were recorded as having crossed this in the early 1970s and by 1998 it was estimated that the population was between 75,000 and 125,000. The goats affected the environment that was detrimental to the native tortoises, eating plants that were the food source for them. The removal of the plants also meant that watering holes dried up. To combat this Project Isabela was undertaken to eradicate the goats from northern Isabela island by the National Park and the Charles Darwin Foundation. The project was completed in 2006 with all goats on northern Isabela Island being removed, following the project there has been a rapid recovery of small trees and shrubs that are associated with the native habitat.</p><br>
<p>Porquerolles , also known as the Île de Porquerolles, is an island in the Îles d&#39;Hyères, Var, Provence-Alpes-Côte d&#39;Azur, France. Its land area is 1,254 hectare and in 2004 its population was about 200.</p><br>
<p>Porquerolles is the largest, most westerly of the three Îles d&#39;Hyères. It is about 7 km long by 3 km wide, with five small ranges of hills. The south coast is lined with cliffs, and on the north coast are the port and the beaches of Notre Dame, La Courtade, and Plage d&#39;Argent.</p><br>
<p>The island&#39;s village was established in 1820, with its lighthouse constructed in 1837 and church in 1850. The entire island was purchased in 1912 by François Joseph Fournier, apparently as a wedding present for his wife; he planted 200 hectare of vineyards which produced a wine that was among the first to be classified as vin des Côtes de Provence.</p><br>
<p>In 1971 the state bought 80 percent of the island to preserve it from development. Much of the island is now part of a national park (the Port-Cros Parc National) and nature conservation area (Conservatoire botanique national méditerranéen de Porquerolles).</p><br>
<p>It is the setting for the 1949 novel Mon Ami Maigret (My Friend Maigret) by Georges Simenon and the 1964 novel Valparaiso by Nicolas Freeling.</p><br>
<p>Since 2010, the island also hosts a jazz festival each summer ("Jazz à Porquerolles").</p><br>
<p>On December 28, 2016 Var Martin reported that residents were considering blockading the port to protest the closure of the post office and the police station.</p><br>
<h2>Points of interest</h2><br>
<p>* Conservatoire botanique national méditerranéen de Porquerolles</p><br>
<p>* Port-Cros Parc National</p><br>
<p>Robe River is a river in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.</p><br>
<p>The headwaters of the river rise in the Hamersley Range near Marana Spring then flow in a north westerly direction past the Robe River-Deepdale mine, crossing the North West Coastal Highway near the Pannawonica turnoff then discharging into the Indian Ocean near Robe Point.</p><br>
<p>Robe River has two tributaries; Mungarathoona Creek and Kumina Creek.</p><br>
<p>The Robe is an ephemeral river and is restricted to a series of permanent pools that act as important refugia for native fauna through the dry season.</p><br>
<p>The rivers experiences periodical flooding. Following Cyclone Monty in 2004 the river was in full flood resulting in Pannawonnica being cut off and people being rescued from the roof of Yarraloola homestead.</p><br>
<p>In 2009, following heavy rainfall, the river burst its banks cutting roads and railway lines. Yarraloola Station was evacuated and Rio Tinto railway network was disrupted as a result.</p><br>
<p>Mount Azumaya is one of the 100 Famous Japanese Mountains. The 2,354 m peak lies on the border of Nagano Prefecture and Gunma Prefecture. There exist alternative spellings of the mountain&#39;s name, like: 吾妻山 and 吾嬬山 which is read as "Agatsuma-yama" . In the village Tsumagoi, the mountain is spelled 吾妻山.</p><br>
<p>The mountain should not be confused with Mount Azumaya of which there are two, one in Nagano Prefecture and the other in Saitama Prefecture. Though the reading is the same, the name written in Kanji differs from the mountain in this article.</p><br>
<h2>Outline</h2><br>
<p>Mount Azumaya was formed between 900,000 and 300,000 years ago by andesite lava flowing out of a Stratovolcano. An eruption 340,000 years ago formed a caldera of circa 3 kilometers in diameter. Through erosion the mountain has arrived at its present form with several peaks. Azumaya Volcano is the general term for the following peaks lying roughly on a circle: Mount Neko, Mount Azumaya, Mount Urakura, Mount Kimyō.</p><br>
<p>The famous Sugadaira Kōgen ski area is found on the mountainss southwest (Nagano-) side. Also on the Gunma-side there exists a ski area. In addition, north of the mountain lies Yonakodaibakufu which is one of the Japans Top 100 Waterfalls.</p><br>
<h2>Main ascent routes</h2><br>
<p>The mountain is well connected with several hiking trails:</p><br>
<p>Sugadai-bokujō - Mount Neko - Mount Azumaya</p><br>
<p>Azumaya Kōgen - Mount Azumaya</p><br>
<p>Torii Ridge - Mount Azumaya</p><br>
<p>Palcall Tsumagoi - Mount Azumaya</p><br>
<h2>Mountain in the vicinity</h2><br>
<p>Mount Neko (2,207m)</p><br>
<p>Farmers National Bank is a bank building in the village of Plain City in Madison County, Ohio, United States. The bank is located at the intersection of State Route 161 and Chillicothe Street. Built in 1902, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<h2>Early history</h2><br>
<p>The Farmers National Bank of Plain City was organized on August 6, 1900, with a capital stock of $25,000. In 1902, the bank built a brick building at the corners of what was then Post Road & Chillicothe Street. The building cost $15,289.27 to build, The bank&#39;s first president was William Atkinson,</p><br>
<h2>Recent history</h2><br>
<p>In 1993, Farmers National Bank was purchased by Park National Corporation of Urbana, Ohio, and its name was changed to Citizens National Bank. This change also saw the arrival of the banks first computers, and the removal of the two.38 caliber revolvers kept behind the counter. In 1995, the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and was featured on Union Countys Bicentennial Homes and Buildings tour in 2003. In 2004, Mary Mitchell, the president at the time, retired after a 60 year career at the bank, starting as a teller in 1944. In recognition of her career, Mitchells portrait was hung on the wall of the lobby opposite Atkinsons. On July 20, 2009, Park National again changed the name from Citizens National Bank to Security National Bank. Currently, the branch manager is Dale Whitmer.</p><br>
<p>The bank is regionally famous for having never been successfully robbed, although there was one unsuccessful attempt in 1934. This is due in part to the lobby being separated from the tellers by a steel cage and 1 in thick bulletproof glass.</p><br>
<p>The Cima Ekar Observing Station  is an astronomical observatory on the crest of Cima Ekar, a mountain ridge located approximately 4 kilometers southeast of and 350 m higher than the town of Asiago, Italy.</p><br>
<p>The Station is an annex to the nearby Asiago Astrophysical Observatory, also operated by the University of Padua. Cima Ekar hosts the 1966-built 67/92-cm Schmidt telescope and the 182-cm telescope dedicated to Nicholas Copernicus, the largest telescope in Italy.</p><br>
<h2>Asiago-DLR Asteroid Survey</h2><br>
<p>Co-located at Cima Ekar is the Asiago-DLR Asteroid Survey (ADAS), IAU code 209. At Cima Ekar, Andrea Boattini, Flavio Castellani, Giuseppe Forti, Vittorio Goretti, Ulisse Munari, and Maura Tombelli have discovered a great number of asteroids.</p><br>
<p>The Masten-Quinn House is located on First Street in the village of Wurtsboro, New York, United States. It is a wooden Greek Revival house built in two phases in the 1820s, the center of a farm that remained working until the mid-20th century. Today it is one of the few remainders from the area&#39;s agricultural past as a canal town.</p><br>
<p>Lawrence Masten, its builder and first owner, was able to take advantage of the nearby Delaware and Hudson Canal being routed through his property. In 2003 the house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the first and only property in the village so far listed.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The house sits on a half-acre (2,000 m²) lot, the remnant of the much larger original farm, at a bend in First Street. Willsey Brook bounds it on the south, and the canal bed, now dry and overgrown, is located in the woods a few hundred feet (approximately 100 m) to the east. The house itself is surrounded by tall trees, including a 175-year-old shagbark hickory tree to the southeast that has helped to date the house&#39;s construction.</p><br>
<p>It is one and a half stories high, five bays long by two deep. It is sided in clapboard, with a gabled roof pierced by a large fieldstone and brick chimney and shingled in asphalt, decorated with a wide frieze and molded cornice at the roofline. The entire structure is supported by heavy post-and-beam timber framing, partially supported by a fieldstone foundation.</p><br>
<p>A full-length veranda, with shed roof supported by plain wooden pillars and a concrete deck wraps around the eastern (front) and north facades. Two small shed-style wings project from the first story on the south side. The upper floor on the east face features eyebrow windows.</p><br>
<p>The large chimney divides the interior into two main spaces. There is a large kitchen in the northern section, created by removing one wall, but otherwise the original floor plan remains intact. The flooring, too, is original wide planking, but very little original furnishing remains otherwise.</p><br>
<p>There is a single outbuilding, a one-story frame gable-roofed structure originally used as a chicken coop. It was moved to the property when the former farm was subdivided, in order to preserve it. It is considered a contributing property to the National Register listing.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Lawrence Mastens grandfather Johannes was an early Dutch settler in the narrow Basha Kill valley between the Shawangunk Ridge and Catskill Plateau. His 1,000 acre farm produced several hundred bushels of wheat annually during the late 18th century, most of it harvested by Mastens slaves, said to be the most owned by any one man in what became Sullivan County.</p><br>
<p>In his declining years he divided his holdings among his sons. Jacob Masten, Lawrence&#39;s father, received some in the early 19th century, and again in 1830. Father transferred more to son in the 1830s, including the land on which he had already built his house, building the farm to a total of 100 acre.</p><br>
<p>Masten and his wife Maria are believed to have built the first part of their homestead sometime after their marriage in 1821. This was the southern block, 25 by. The chimney was at that time on the north exterior of the house. Shortly afterwards, the northern block was constructed, doubling the size of the house. At this time the porch and roof decoration were added.</p><br>
<p>A few years later, in 1825, the newly-chartered Delaware and Hudson Canal Company obtained an easement from the Mastens and began digging the canal a short distance away. When completed and opened in 1828, this allowed Masten access to goods and markets for his dairy products far from the town of Mamakating, such as Kingston to the north and the communities along the Delaware River in western Sullivan County.</p><br>
<p>In 1848, Masten built a barn. He made few other modifications to the property, and passed it along to his son Hiram in 1876. It remained in the Masten family for another two decades, until 1895. Afterwards it passed through several different owners until becoming property of John and Kate Linton in 1909. They continued to own it until Johns death in 1948 (his wife predeceased him), when it was passed to his wifes nephew Joseph Quinn. Its interesting to note that the house never contained an indoor toilet until after Lintons death, as he felt that the practice was unsanitary. The Linton&#39;s were buried in Sylvan cemetery.</p><br>
<p>Mr Quinn never farmed the property, but lived there as a bachelor until his death in 1981 at which point it was passed to his brother James. The barn was torn down in the 1970s. In 1995, James Quinn and his wife Gloria sold the house and surrounding 7 acre to a developer, who then sectioned off the half-acre the house rests on and sold it to Michael Roosa, who is credited for saving the house from demolition. After an extensive renovation, the house was listed on the National Historic Register. In 2008, Michael and his wife Monika constructed a two car garage on the property, which was designed to match the style of the homestead.</p><br>
<p>Find out more about this property on Facebook!</p><br>
<p>The Lambert House is a historic house at 204 West Jackson Street in Monticello, Arkansas. The Colonial Revival house was built in 1905 to a design by noted local architect S. C. Hotchkiss. It was built for Walter Lambert, who owned one of Monticello&#39;s first grocery stores. The two-story wood-frame house is roughly rectangular in shape, with projecting gable sections and a rear ell. Its main facade is dominated by a two-story portico, whose second story has been enclosed as a sunroom. The lower portion of the portico is supported by granite columns, and the entablature is supported by Ionic columns, which are still visible despite the sunroom conversion.</p><br>
<p>Also known as Miles House, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>The Rand Ranger Station is a Bureau of Land Management compound consisting of eight historic buildings located in the Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest in southwest Oregon. It was built by the United States Forest Service and the Civilian Conservation Corps as a district ranger station for the Galice Ranger District. The ranger station property was transferred to the Bureau of Land Management in 1970. Today, the ranger station office serves as a visitor center. The Rand Ranger Station is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>President Theodore Roosevelt created the Siskiyou National Forest in 1906. In 1909, six ranger districts were established to manage specific areas within the National Forest. The Galice Ranger District was responsible for Forest Service lands in the Rogue River canyon including timber sales, trail construction, and fire suppression activities. Jesse P. Dewitt became the first district ranger. Because the Forest Service had trouble securing permission to build a ranger’s residence at the Rand site (which was owned by a local mining company), Dewitt was forced to live in a tent for eight years, from 1909 until 1916. In 1916, the mining company finally agreed to rent a small parcel of land to the Forest Service for one dollar per year. Construction on the ranger’s residence, district office, and a barn began in 1917. In 1932, the Rand mining claim expired, and the Forest Service took permanent control of the ranger station property.</p><br>
<p>The Civilian Conservation Corps was created in 1933. That same year, a Civilian Conservation Corps camp was established at Rand. Known as Camp 1650, it was initially manned by 18 enrollees. While most of the Rand area projects were managed by the Forest Service, the Civilian Conservation Corps workers constructed buildings, built roads and trails, and developed campgrounds in the surrounding National Forest. The Civilian Conservation Corps troops also helped Forest Service employees fight wildfires during the summer months.</p><br>
<p>Following World War II, the Rand Ranger Station continued as the headquarters for Forest Service operations in the Rogue River canyon. During the postwar period, the Rogue River became a very popular area for fishing, hiking, camping, and boating. In 1958, the Forest Service added a new ranger residence and a bunkhouse for seasonal employees. In 1963, the Siskiyou National Forest closed the Rand Ranger Station and moved the Galice Ranger District headquarters to Grants Pass. The Rand complex was left unused except for several buildings that were leased by Oregon Board of Forestry and Bureau of Public Roads.</p><br>
<p>In 1970, the Bureau of Land Management acquired the Rand property from the Forest Service. Since then, the Bureau of Land Management has uses the site to issue float permits for the Rogue River, which is officially designated as a National Wild and Scenic River. In 1996, the Bureau of Land Management’s visitor center that occupies the old ranger station office was named the Smullin Visitor Center in honor of William B. Smullin, a well known radio and television executive from southern Oregon.</p><br>
<p>While all of the buildings from Civilian Conservation Corps camp are now gone, the Forest Service structures built by Civilian Conservation Corps still exist and are in good condition. In fact, the Rand Ranger Station has changed very little since it was built; as a result, it provides visitors a glimpse into the past. Because of the rustic architecture of its buildings and the site&#39;s unique historic value as an early Forest Service ranger station, the 95 acre Rand compound was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on 10 June 1999.</p><br>
<h2>Structures</h2><br>
<p>The Rand historic structures were built in the Oregon rustic style between 1931 and 1936. The assistant ranger’s residence was built by the Forest Service in 1931. The ranger station garage was built in 1933. The range station office and the ranger’s residence were both begun in 1933 and completed in 1934. The barn, blacksmith shop, and gas house were built 1934. The fire warehouse was constructed in 1935, and the woodshed was built in 1936.</p><br>
<p>The Rand Ranger Station office is now a visitor center. In 2004, the Bureau of Land Management expanded the visitor center, adding 900 ft&sup2; of floor space to the building.</p><br>
<p>In addition to the historic structure at the Rand Ranger Station, there are two non-historic buildings located on the compound. The two non-contributing building are a third ranger residence and a crew bunkhouse, both built in 1958.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>To get to the Rand Ranger Station from Interstate 5, take the Merlin exit north of Grants Pass, Oregon, and follow the Merlin-Galice Road 19 mi west through the towns of Merlin and Galice. The Rand Ranger Station is located on the east side of the Merlin-Galice Road on the west bank of the Rogue River. Parking is available at the Smullin Visitor Center at the entrance to the compound.</p><br>
<p>The Smullin Visitor Center is open to the public during normal business hours every day from mid-May to mid-October. Office hours vary the rest of the year, so the Bureau of Land Management recommends that visitors call ahead during the off season. Visitors are welcome to take self-guided walking tours around the historic ranger station compound. However, the Smullin Visitor Center is the only building that is open to the public. Visitor must obtain permission from a Bureau of Land Management employee to enter the other historic buildings.</p><br>
<p>Dzharylhach  is an island in Skadovsk Raion, Kherson Oblast near Crimea in Ukraine. Along with the Tendra island that lays to the west, in the past it was a spit that Greeks called "Achilles Run". To the west it stretches as a spit and as a shoal, which sometimes dries up, and connects to the continental portion of Kherson Oblast near the town of Lazurne.</p><br>
<p>Across from the island over the Dazharylhach Bay is the city of Skadovsk. Dzharylhach and its bay is part of the Dzharylhach National Nature Park.</p><br>
<p>Its area of 56 square km and length of 42 km make it the Black Sea&#39;s biggest island, located at the Karkinit Bay. The island has clean sandy beaches and mineral springs. In the middle of the island there is a fresh water spring, and more than four hundred small salty lakes are scattered all over its territory. The unique flora and fauna of Dzharylhach have been well preserved. It is a habitat for wild boars, deer, mouflon, as well as numerous seagulls and cormorant, hunting crabs, raps whelk and shrimp.</p><br>
<p>The Bancroft Trust Building, formerly the Dodge Block and Sawyer Buildings, is an historic commercial building at 60 Franklin Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. It is the result of combining the 1883 Sawyer Building with the 1869 Dodge Block, one of the few surviving buildings of Worcester&#39;s early industrial age. Both buildings were designed by Fuller & Delano of Worcester, and were combined into the Bancroft Building in 1920. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Bancroft Trust Building is located at the southeast corner of Franklin and Portland Streets in the heart of Worcester, facing the city common. It is a four-story masonry structure, with its heritage as two separate building visible in the different exteriors of the two parts, with a unified presentation of the ground floor consisting of storefronts with large glass display windows set in metal frames, with black panels and a</p><br>
<h3>Dodge Block</h3><br>
<p>The Dodge Block forms the right side of the building. Its upper floors have windows set in segmented-arch openings, with stone blocks setting of the corners and keystone, and there is a band of rectangular panels above the top floor. The building has a rounded corner with an entrance at the angle. It was built in 1869 for Thomas Dodge, a prominent lawyer and inventor, whose office space occupied much of the second level. Each of the upper floors apparently had a single residential unit, although subsequent alterations to the interior mean its original layout is not known. It was also originally capped by a mansard roof, but it and the fifth floor under it were destroyed in a 1971 fire.</p><br>
<h3>Sawyer Building</h3><br>
<p>The Sawyer Building forms the left half of the building. It has a stylistically more complex five-bay facade, with a single storefront on the ground floor, and an entrance to the upper floors to its right, near the center of the combined buildings. Above the storefront, windows are grouped in pairs with tall stone lintels and thinner sills. The fourth-floor windows have segmented-arch openings headed by bricks, and there is a band of corbelling above. The entrance is flanked by stone pilasters and topped by a narrow stone portico with scrolled brackets. This building was built in 1882 for Stephen Sawyer, a local businessman who subdivided his house lot to build it. Like the Dodge Block, it was also built for retail space on the ground floor and residential spaces above.</p><br>
<h3>Combined</h3><br>
<p>By 1920, the Worcester Common are had become almost exclusively office and retail space. The two buildings, originally separated by a narrow alleyway, were combined into single structure internally, bound together by filling in the alley with the present entrance bay. It was named after the Bancroft Trust Company, its principal occupant between 1922 and 1936.</p><br>
<p>The Dowley-Taylor House is a historic house at 770 Main Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1842 to a design by noted architect Elias Carter, it is one of the best-preserved high-style Greek Revival mansions in the city. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Dowley-Taylor House is set on the north side of Main Street, south of Worcester&#39;s downtown business district. It is a large two story rectangular block with a hip roof topped by an oversized cupola with a surrounding porch. Its front facade consists of a full height portico supported by Corinthian columns. The front door is centered on the five-bay facade, surrounded by sidelight and transom windows and topped by an elaborate entablature supported by pilasters. The building corners are pilastered, and the windows of the front are framed by moulded caps. The house originally had a parapete crowned by an eagle, but that was removed at some point.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1842 to a design by Worcester architect Elias Carter, and is the best-preserved of a small number of surviving Greek Revival mansions in the city. It was first occupied by Levi Dowley, a leathermaker and banker. After financial reverses, he sold it to armsmaker Ethan Allen, who moved it to its present location in 1853. It was owned for a time by Frank H. Kelley, who served as mayor of Worcester. In 1882 the house was purchased by Ransom Taylor, a prominent local real estate developer. It remained in Taylor family hands until 1957, when it was sold to Worcester Junior College, which adapted it for classroom use.</p><br>
<p>The former Downing Street School, now the Traina Center for the Arts of Clark University, is a historic school building at 92 Downing Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1891 to a design by Boston-based architect William Forbush, it is a high-quality local example of Romanesque Revival architecture. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and history</h2><br>
<p>The Traina Center is located on the east side of Downing Street in southern Worcester, just north of the central campus of Clark University. It is a two story brick building, with a hip roof and trim of granite and yellow brick. Its principal feature is a projecting section on its main facade, which has a three-story central rounded section. This is flanked by two-story projecting sections with large round-arch openings that shelter the building entrances. A rusticated stone beltcourse separates the basement from the first floor, and similar stone is used for the window sills, and some of the window lintels on the rounded section. Arched windows and openings are highlighted in yellow brick, which is also used for some window lintels, and a frieze band above the second floor.</p><br>
<p>The building was built in 1891 to a design by Boston-based architect William Forbush. Forbush, about whom little is known, is also credited with the design of the Abbott Street School, which is similar to this one. It was used as a public school until at least 1980. Today it serves as the Traina Center for the Arts of Clark University; it houses an art gallery, and the university added a performance space to the rear of the building.</p><br>
<p>The Norcross Factory is a historic building at 10 E. Worcester Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in stages beginning 1863, this structure includes one of the city&#39;s oldest school buildings, the East Worcester Grammar School, and represents an adaptive reuse of the building, serving from 1893 to 1918 as the main facility of the Norcross Brothers, a firm best known for its construction of H. H. Richardson designs. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The former East Worcester School and Norcross Factory is set on Worcesters east side, at the junction of Shrewsbury Street and East Worcester Street, just north of Worcesters main railroad yard and east of Interstate 290. This three story brick building was built in three stages, between 1863 and 1893. The oldest portion, the westernmost part of the structure, was originally built as a schoolhouse, and is one of the oldest surviving school buildings in the city. It was designed by E. Boyden & Son, based on an earlier school (no longer extant) on Salem Street. This section has a hip roof, paired entrances on the north and south facades, and granite window surrounds. It served as the East Worcester Grammar School until 1893.</p><br>
<p>The school was purchased by the Norcross Brothers in 1893, and connected via additions to a planing mill they had built on an adjacent parcel in 1880-81. Both the additions and the planing mill are modest three-story brick structures, with flat roofs, corbelled cornices, and sandstone trim. This space was then used by the Norcrosses to as office space, and factory space in which they manufactured architectural building parts, including doors and window sashes, until 1918.</p><br>
<p>The Elizabeth Street School is a historic school building at 31 Elizabeth Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1893, it was one of the first commissions for the city by local architect George Clemence, and is stylistically an eclectic mix of Romanesque and Renaissance Revival styles. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It has been converted into residences.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The former Elizabeth Street School is located in central eastern Worcester, in a residential area south of Massachusetts Route 9. It is bounded on the west by Elizabeth Street and the south by Reservoir Street. It is a two-story brick structure, consisting of two rectangular sections, the southern one larger than the northern, joined by a narrow section that continues south of the larger one. Square entry towers, capped by pyramidal roofs, project from these narrower sections. The largest section has a hip roof, from which eyebrow dormers project, while the smaller section, also with a hip roof, has a single hip-roof dormer. Entrances are set in round-arch openings in each tower, with tripled narrow round-arch windows above. A stringcourse of corbelled brickwork separates the two floors, and there is decorative paneled brickwork between the second floor and the roofline, with blind arches above some of the windows.</p><br>
<p>The school was built in 1893, when Worcester architect George Clemence was in the first year of what would be a highly successful practice. Unlike the Dartmouth Street School, another Clemence design, this school was not enlarged, probably because the neighborhood in which it was built was already completely built out at the time of its construction. The school has been converted to condominium residences.</p><br>
<p>Elm Park is an historic park in Worcester, Massachusetts.</p><br>
<p>The land the park resides on was purchased in 1854, making it one of the first purchases of land to be set aside for use as a public park in the United States. Elm Park originally consisted of the land bordered by Park Avenue, Russell Street, Elm Street and Highland Street. In 1888, Newton Hill, just across Park Avenue, was purchased by the City of Worcester bringing the total park area to 60 acre.</p><br>
<p>The original portion of Elm Park (east of Park Avenue) was, up until the 1890s merely more than pasture land. Shortly thereafter, it was redesigned and landscaped by the firm of Frederick Law Olmsted and contains meandering walking paths through the landscaping, a pond crossed by two iconic footbridges and a playground. The Newton Hill portion of Elm Park (west of Park Avenue) remains far less landscaped and contains basketball and tennis courts, walking trails and also Doherty Memorial High School, a high school within the Worcester Public Schools system. St. Spyridon Greek Orthodox Cathedral (founded around 1920) is located adjacent to the park on Russell Street.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<h2>Photos</h2><br>
<p>English High School is an historic high school building at 20 Irving Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. The three story brick building was designed by the local firm of Barker & Nourse, and built in 1891. The Romanesque Revival building has rectangular massing, with entrances on Chatham and Irving Streets and a five story, hip roofed chateau-style tower on the corner. Gable sections have decorative brickwork, and the third story windows have arched heads, a feature continued in other parts of the building&#39;s exterior and interior. The building served as a high school building until 1966, and as school offices thereafter.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Notable alumni</h2><br>
<p>William Howland (1871–1945), operatic bass, voice teacher, composer, conductor and university administrator. Graduated 1889.</p><br>
<p>The Euclid Avenue–Montrose Street Historic District encompasses a well-preserved cluster of Colonial Revival triple decker housing units occupying a dramatic hillside location on Euclid Avenue and Montrose Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. It includes all triple deckers on those two streets between Vernon Street and Perry Avenue, and exclude other forms of housing in the area. Of the 40 triple deckers in the district, 27 have gambrel roofs, and most of these have an asymmetrical facade with porches on the first two levels, and a recessed porch area in the gambrel section of the facade. These porches are usually flanked on one side by a two story projecting window bay. Detailing on the porches varies: some, such as 8 Euclid, have Tuscan columns, while others, such as 8 Montrose, have squat square columns; columns are also sometimes paired or clustered in groups. Houses with triangular gables more typically have three-story porches, often with arched openings instead of a simpler construction. The layout of the properties on the hill, combined with the somewhat cohesive styling of the buildings, makes the district visually distinctive from its surroundings when viewed from a number of perspectives. The district includes Deedy Park, a triangular grassy area where Euclid and Montrose meet.</p><br>
<p>Most of the district was built out between 1910 and 1930. The area was attractive to laborers as well as white collar workers, given easy access by streetcar on Vernon Street to the city&#39;s work centers. Early residents were predominantly Irish, with Scandinavians arriving in larger numbers later.</p><br>
<p>The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>Fairlawn is a historic mansion at 189 May Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. It is now part of the main building of the Fairlawn Rehabilitation Hospital. The mansion  were the property of James Norcross, a nationally prominent builder whose Norcross Brothers firm was engaged in construction projects involving famous architects, including H. H. Richardson and McKim, Mead & White. The Norcross brothers were also locally prominent, building a number of Worcester landmarks and operating a factory in the city which produced architectural parts.</p><br>
<p>James Norcross moved to Worcester in 1868, and assembled 66 acre of land along May Street beginning in 1890. In 1893 he built the estate house, a brown sandstone building 2.5 stories high, measuring 70 ft by 125 ft. Stylistically, the house is sui generis, although it has a number of architectural elements that were popular in the revival styles of the time. The front facades main feature is a round bay, rising three full stories to a cupola, which is surrounded by a single story porch supported by slender round columns. A similar bay is centered on the rear facade, although it lacks the cupola. Each of the buildings four corners has a rounded bay section rising three floors which is topped by a shed roof.</p><br>
<p>Norcross lived in the house until his death in 1903, and it remained in his family until 1922, when the estate was sold to the Fairlawn Rehabilitation Hospital. The hospital built additions to the house on each side (one c. 1951, the other in 1970), both built of brick. They are connected to the main house by narrow corridor sections, and do not detract from the main house&#39;s style. There is a stable behind the house which was likely also built by Norcross.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The Benjamin Flagg House is a historic house located at 136 Plantation Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built c. 1717, it is considered the oldest structure in the city. It was home to a number of generations of influential Flaggs, including American Revolutionary War Captain Benjamin Flagg . The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Flagg House occupies a triangular lot on Worcester&#39;s east side, bounded on the west by Plantation Street and on the east by Ingleside Avenue. The house is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, three bays wide, with a side gable roof, large central chimney, and clapboard siding. Its center entrance (facing west toward Plantation Street) has modest trim, with a four-light transom window above.</p><br>
<p>The house is assumed to have been built about 1718, when Benjamin Flagg II purchased a large tract of land in the area; however, it is not known how much of the building is his original construction, and how much may have been later alteration. According to Caleb Walls Reminiscences, Flaggs son, also named Benjamin, "commanded the company of militia, who marched with Col. Timothy Bigelows company of minute men for Lexington, on the alarm, April 18, 1775, afterwards Colonel in the revolutionary service, filled important town offices, and died in Worcester, October 8, 1818, aged 95... Col. Flaggs location was on Plantation Street, on a farm of 150 acres..." The house was sold out of the Flagg family in 1850.</p><br>
<p>The Levi Flagg Three-Decker is a historic triple decker house at 79 Florence Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. It is a well-preserved representative of the development of the neighborhood, and is architecturally distinctive for a rare combination  of Queen Anne and Stick Style elements. The house was built c. 1901, and its first documented owner was Levi Flagg, a real estate agent who owned a number of properties throughout the city. The building follows a typical side-hall plan, but it has two sidewall bays that extend the full height of the building. The roof has deep eaves which are studded by pairs of decorative brackets. The main facade has a first-floor porch with Stick Style characteristics, including turned posts and decorative brackets matching those in the eaves.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>The Freeland Street School, now the University Park Campus School, is a historic school at 12 Freeland Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. It is a 2.5 story brick building built in 1885 during a period of significant growth in the city. The front and back of the building have slightly projecting gabled sections that house the buildings entries and stairwells. The exterior of the building is trimmed in sandstone, with some decorative terracotta panels. The roof his hipped, and the projecting sections are flanked by small hip-roofed dormers.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. The school is now known as the University Park Campus School, and is still administered by the Worcester school district.</p><br>
<p>The Gilman Block was a historic commercial building at 207-219 Main Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. It was a four-story brick building, with Classical Revival and Romanesque/Tuscan Mediterranean influence, built in 1896 to a design by the local architectural firm of Cutting, Carleton & Cutting. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000, at which time it stood alone on its block, the surrounding buildings having been demolished by urban renewal activities.</p><br>
<p>The building was acquired by the state and demolished in 2004 to provide space for the new court building. The court building incorporated a part of the facade of the former Gilman block and has an exposition of the history of the historical building.</p><br>
<p>The Grafton Street School is a historic school at 311 Grafton Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. The school consists of two buildings, built in 1879 and 1899, that feature high-quality Late Victorian architecture. The buildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Grafton Street School is located in central eastern Worcester, on the north side of Grafton Street (Massachusetts Route 122). The property is bounded on the west by Fay Street and on the east by Wall Street, and includes two buildings. The first, a 2 1/2 story brick building with a hip roof, was constructed in two phases, and replaced an earlier wood frame structure. The southern half of the building was built first, to a design by local architects E. Boyden & Son, and was enlarged to the north in 1897 to designs by the same firm. This building has sandstone trim, and banding in blackened bricks. A separate, three story building was added to the site in 1899, to plans by J. William Patston. It also has sandstone trim, and features brick quoining at its corners. The older building has Queen Anne styling, a relative rarity in the city for a school building, and the later building has more Colonial Revival features.</p><br>
<p>The need for the schools repeated expansions was caused by a shift in the neighborhoods character from one that was originally suburban, to one of more densely-built triple decker housing.</p><br>
<p>The Greendale Village Improvement Society Building is a historic building at 480 W. Boylston Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1897, it is an important reminder of the role community organizations played in making civic improvements in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Greendale Village Improvement Society Buildint stands on the east side of West Boylston Street in northeastern Worcester, between Airlie Street to the north and the Frances Perkins Branch Library. It is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, with a hip roof and clapboarded exterior. A three-story square tower rises to a flared pyramidal roof at its southwestern corner, and a large gable is set above the central bay of the west-facing front facade. At the center of that gable are a pair of sash windows, with a half-round fan above. The bay below the gable also projects slightly, with an entrance porch projecting further. The interior of the building is laid out with a kitchen and dining room in the basement, a small meeting space and library on the ground floor, and a large meeting hall on the second floor.</p><br>
<p>The Greendale Improvement Society was founded in 1895 as a community vehicle to improve conditions in Worcester&#39;s Greendale neighborhood. In 1897, it was rechartered as the Greendale Village Improvement Society, and was given land by the Kendrick family on which to build a meeting house. The society raised funds and had this building erected in 1900. The society was a significant presence in the local community, building, maintaining, and plowing roads in the community in its early years, lobbying the city for fire protection, and providing for trash removal. After the Second World War, the building was used to house veterans organizations.</p><br>
<p>The Hammond Organ Reed Factory is a historic former factory building at 9 May Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. based on</p><br>
<p>Built in 1868 and enlarged in 1886, it is one of the city&#39;s few surviving Second Empire factory buildings. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. In 2007–2009, the building was restored and converted for use as affordable housing.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The former Hammond Organ Reed Factory is located southwest of downtown Worcester, at the southeastern corner of May and Silver Streets. It consists of a series of connected structures, some brick and some wood-frame, extending on a roughly north-south axis. The original structure is at the northern end, facing May Street; it is a 2-1/2 story brick structure, with a high basement and a full third floor under its mansard roof. Its front facade is nine bays wide, asymmetrically arranged, with the original main entrance slightly off-center in the middle bay, accessed by a high stoop.</p><br>
<p>Andrew Hammond was an ironworker who came to Worcester in 1851, where he worked at, and eventually took over ownership of, the organ reed business of Edward Harrington and Augustus Rice. Hammond built the oldest portion of this factory in 1868, and added to it several times over the next two decades, until the building reached its present configuration in 1886, at which time it employed an estimated 200 workers. Hammond is believed to be the largest manufacturer of organ reeds between 1890 and the advent of World War I. After standing vacant and crime-ridden for many years, it was converted into affordable housing in 2007-09.</p><br>
<p>The Harris-Merrick House is an historic house at located 41 Fruit Street in Worcester, Massachusetts.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The 2-1/2 story Greek Revival wood frame house was built c. 1832-1844 on Chestnut Street, and is one of the few buildings to survive from the early days of development on the citys west side. The area was developed in the 1830s (with many houses designed by Elias Carter), and this house was built either for Clarendon Harris, a bookkeeper, or Pliny T. Merrick, one of the citys most prominent attorneys whose own home stood adjacent to this one&#39;s original lot. The house was moved to its present location in 1874.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 5, 1980.</p><br>
<p>The Houghton Street Historic District is a historic district on Houghton Street between Palm and Dorchester Streets in Worcester, Massachusetts. It consists of seven triple-decker residences  and three period garages, all built between 1920 and 1926. The buildings represent a well-preserved and cohesive collection of Colonial Revival residences. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. Some of the buildings have lost historic integrity since the listing.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Houghton Street is a north–south street in Worcester&#39;s southeastern Oak Hill area, and is basically residential in character. This historic district encompasses one side of a single city block, the east side of the street between Palm and Dorchester Streets. Located on this block are seven triple decker houses, six of them facing Houghton Street, and the southernmost one facing Dorcester Street. All were built between 1920 and 1926, a period when triple-decker construction had pushed west from its earliest concentrations on the west side of Grafton Hill. The area was populated by a mix of blue- and white-collar lower- and middle-class residents, who were ethnically diverse. The first houses to be built were 61, 63 and 65 Houghton Street, which were followed by 147 Dorchester Street, and lastly by 49, 53, and 57 Houghton.</p><br>
<p>The northernmost house, 47 Houghton, has a hip roof and a typical asymmetrical facade, with a polygonal projecting bay on the left side, and a stack of porches on the right, with the first-floor porch wrapping around the left side. The porch columns are grouped square columns, and the front-facing porch openings have peaked shape. The porch stack is topped by a fully pedimented gable with a diamond window at the center.</p><br>
<p>The adjacent house, 53 Houghton, has porches on the left of the facade and bands of tripled sash windows on the right. The porches are once again supported by grouped square columns, and are capped by a gabled pediment that matches the main roof gable in having a triangular louver at its center. 57 Houghton also has tripled windows instead of a bay, and had porches supported by Tuscan columns, but they have since been rebuilt and the house resided with modern siding.</p><br>
<p>The last three houses on Houghton Street have all been compromised by the application of modern siding, and the enclosure of their front porches. 147 Dorchester Street is unusual in having a mostly symmetrical facade, with polygonal bays flanking a central porch stack which is topped by a modillioned and pedimented gable. The porch is supported by fluted square columns, with modillioned overhangs.</p><br>
<p>The Daniel Hunt Three-Decker is a historic triple decker house at 9 Wyman Street in the Main South neighborhood of Worcester, Massachusetts. It is well preserved representative of the housing boom that took place in the area in the 1880s and 1890s, with significant early Queen Anne styling. It was built in 1890, and its first owner was Daniel Hunt, a machinist who lived next door. The building follows a typical side hall plan, with a side wall jog and an asymmetrical facade. The left side is a row of porches with turned balusters and posts, and the right consists of a bay that projects the full depth of the porch. The roof is a shallow hip roof, with an extended eave that has curved support brackets.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>Darnley Bay is a large inlet in the Northwest Territories, Canada. It is a southern arm of the Amundsen Gulf. The bay measures 45 km long, and 32 km wide at its mouth.</p><br>
<p>The Parry Peninsula is to the west and Halcro Point is to the east. The Canadian Shield originates east of Darnley Bay, the terrain sloping upwards, and characterized by glacial deposits.</p><br>
<p>The bay was named by John Richardson, while travelling with John Franklin during the Second Overland Expedition, for John Bligh, 4th Earl of Darnley.</p><br>
<p>In 1915, the Canadian Arctic Expedition of 1913-16 was the first to delineate the southern shore of Darnley Bay. The Hornaday River drains into the bay&#39;s southern shores, 14 km east of the Inuvialuit hamlet of Paulatuk.</p><br>
